Leather , Fabric & Textile Industry

In industrial manufacturing, the calendering process is a pivotal technique employed for imbuing materials with desirable characteristics. 

Calendering is a mechanical process that involves passing silicone , rubber or plastics , PVC, vinyl, paper or textiles etc, through one or multiple cylinder roller ,which is made of  hard steel material. This process is finished by one machine ,known as calenders, which continuously compresses and smooths the material, and finally create uniform standalone sheets with width and thickness. 

This results in shiny, matte, smooth, adherent or embossed products that are either used directly or further processed to make end products. 

No matter in the industry of plastics and rubbers or paper and textiles industrials, the calendering process has proven its versatility. It help many manufacturers or factories to produce high-quality products that meet high demands in the wide market. Whether producing resilient flooring, packaging materials, or precision gaskets, the calendering process has become an integral part of the manufacturing ecosystem.

Generally, the thickness of the sheet depends upon the gap between the pairs of rollers.  Thus ,the calendering machine can be adjusted for pressure and speed ,so that get your ideal different thicknesses, surface finishes, and textures. 

Except plastic ,rubber ,pvc, calendering is also widely used in the manufacture of textile fabrics, coated fabrics, and plastic sheeting to provide the desired surface finish and texture.

The leather manufacturing industry is an important sector that involves the production of various leather goods. While leather manufacturing is the process of converting raw animal hides or skins into finished leather products. The process includes several steps, such as cleaning, tanning, dyeing, and finishing.

All true leathers will undergo these sub-processes. A further sub-process, surface coating, may be added into the sequence.

The finishing process is called calendering, which would modify the surface of the leather substrate under temperature, force and moisture.

Calendering is a continuous shaping process used in many process industries like paper, textile cloth , printing and leather etc. 

Calendering in textile or leather may simply be achieved while passing the textile substrate in between two heated drums or rollers. The rotation speed and pressure of the heated drum may be varied according to the need.

Calendering is a process used in many industries for the production of rolled sheets of specific thickness and final appearance. Calendering of molten polymers is a process for the production of continuous sheet or film by squeezing the melt between a pair of heated counter-rotating rolls.

The calendering process for these thin material ,like fabric,leather, which are compressed by passing it between two or more rotating rollers under controlled conditions of time, temperature and pressure . Through these process , the surface texture and appearance of leather or textile would be changed . By calendaring process ,it finally get special effects like smoothness, gloss and uniform flattening of the thin sheet.